Characteristics of Radioactive Elements

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials NORM. Naturally Occurring Radioactive material, natural materials contain radioactive elements (radionuclides), known as NORM. The earth’s crust is radioactive. Information from the World Nuclear Association, the global private-sector organization that seeks toprovide information on nuclear power, nuclear energy, Chernobyl, uranium, nuclear waste management.

NORM and cosmic radiation account for over 85% of an ‘average individual’s’ radiation exposure. Most of the balance is from exposure related to medical procedures. (Exposure from the nuclear fuel cycle – including fallout from the Chernobyl accident – accounts for less than 0. 1%. )

  • Cosmogenic NORM
  • Coal Energy – combustion and ash
  • Coal mining
  • Oil and gas production
  • Metals and smelting
  • Mineral sands
  • Tin production
  • Tantulum and Niobium
  • Rare Earth Elements
  • Uranium production
  • Phosphates and fertilizer production
  • Building Materials

Video advice: Characteristics of Radioactive Emission

There are three main types of nuclear radiation emitted:


Radon

All minerals and raw materials contain radionuclides of natural origin. The most important for the purposes of radiation protection are the radionuclides in the U-238 and Th-232 decay series. For most human activities involving minerals and raw materials, the levels of exposure to these radionuclides are not significantly greater than normal background levels and are not of concern for radiation protection. However, certain work activities can give rise to significantly enhanced exposures that may need to be controlled by regulation. Material giving rise to these enhanced exposures has become known as naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM).

Radioactive Element

Thomas E. McKone, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Second Edition), 2022.

  1. Transformation
  2. Radioactive Decay
  3. Photolysis
  4. Hydrolysis
  5. Oxidation and Reduction
  6. Microbial Transformation
  7. Determination of Natural Radioactive Elements
  8. Exercise 2
  9. Introduction
  10. Yttrium-90 Microspheres
  11. Overview
  12. Pretreatment Evaluation

Pollution, SoilThomas E. McKone, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Second Edition), 2005TransformationThe transformation of toxic substances in soil can have a profound effect on their potential for human exposure and accumulation by biota. Transformation processes in soil include physical processes such as radioactive decay; chemical processes such as photolysis, hydrolysis, and oxidation/reduction; and biological processes such as microbial transformations. All of these processes can significantly reduce the concentration of a substance or alter its structure in such a way as to enhance or diminish its toxicity. Radioactive DecayRadioactive elements are made up of atoms whose nuclei are unstable and give off atomic radiation as part of a process of attaining stability. The emission of radiation transforms radioactive atoms into another chemical element, which may be stable or may be radioactive such that it undergoes further decay. PhotolysisMost organic contaminants are capable of undergoing photolytic decomposition.

Characteristic features of naturally radioactive elements include which of the following? I . The emission of alpha or beta particles or gamma rays. II . A characteristic half

Click here👆to get an answer to your question ✍️ Characteristic features of naturally radioactive elements include which of the following? I . The emission of alpha or beta particles or gamma rays. II . A characteristic half – life. III . Spontaneous decay.

Was this answer helpful? – Open in AppGeneral qualities of Radioactive elements:It is a result of the instability from the nucleus. It’s a spontaneous, continuous and irreversible process. It’s separate from exterior factors for example pressure, temperature, condition of substance, electrical field, magnetic field, catalyst etc. A radioactive element emits and radiations. Because of the emission of the particle, atomic number decreases by 2 units and mass number decreases by 4 units. Because of the emission of particle, atomic number increases by 1 unit however the mass number continues to be the same. Was this answer useful?


Video advice: Why some elements are radioactive…..

HERE WE WILL LEARN ABOUT THE RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS AND THE CONCEPT OF RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS


Radioactivity: Meaning and characteristics, types of radiations

Radioactivity was discovered by French physicist Antoine Becquerel in 1896. The phenomenon of spontaneous and continuous and uncontrollable disintegration of an unstable nucleus accompanied by the emission of active radiations is called natural radioactivity. The substance which exhibits radioactivity is called a radioactive substance. e. g. Uranium, thorium, radium, etc. The radiations emitted by the radioactive substance are alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma radiations. Characteristics of Natural Radioactivity:These characteristics are also called as Rutherford-Soddy’s radioactive disintegration theoryRadioactivity is a purely nuclear phenomenon. The nucleus of a radioactive substance is unstable and such unstable nucleus undergoes spontaneous breakdown (disintegration). The process continues till a stable nucleus is obtained. As radioactivity is the nuclear phenomenon it is unaffected by chemical combination. i. e. the element will exhibit radioactivity in free as well as a combined state.

Different Elements – Greater than 60 elements have a minumum of one isotope that’s radioactive. An isotope is really a variant of the particular element whose nucleus includes a different quantity of neutrons. The radioactive elements could be damaged lower into three classes: primordial, existing before Earth was created cosmogenic, created through cosmic ray interactions and human-created elements. All radioactive elements share certain characteristics. Disintegrates The nucleus of the radioactive element is unstable. The nucleus will break lower with time, reducing the quantity of the element remaining. This disintegration occurs naturally and doesn’t require an outdoors stimulus to happen. All man-made elements are radioactive and break lower. The rate where a component breaks lower is known as “half-existence,” or how lengthy it requires for 1 / 2 of the atoms give disintegrate. This measure can figure out how relatively stable or unstable the element is. For instance, the half existence of uranium has ended 4 billion years, as the half existence of francium is simply over twenty minutes.

Radium

Element Radium (Ra), Group 2, Atomic Number 88, s-block, Mass (226). Sources, facts, uses, scarcity (SRI), podcasts, alchemical symbols, videos and images.

Chemistry in its element: radium – Chemistry in the element: radium (Promo)You are hearing Chemistry in the element introduced for you by Chemistry World, playboy from the Royal Society of Chemistry. (Finish promo)Chris SmithHello, now the self illuminating story of element number 88. Here’s John Clegg. John CleggThere’s something about Radium that’s deliciously Victorian. It’s not only this radioactive element is discovered in the finish from the Victorian times in 1898. Additionally, there are something about its early use like a universal restorative which has a peculiarly period feel. It had been seen as an energy source and brightness, it had been incorporated in toothpastes and quack potions – it had been applied in to the scalp like a hair restorer. But the use of radium that will take it prestige was its use within glow-in-the-dark paint. Commonly used to supply luminous readouts on clocks and watches, aircraft switches and instrument dials, the eerie blue glow of radium was seen as an harmless, practical supply of evening illumination.


Video advice: Uranium – THE MOST DANGEROUS METAL ON EARTH!

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[FAQ]

What are the characteristics of radioactive isotopes?

Different isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei but differing numbers of neutrons. Radioisotopes are radioactive isotopes of an element. They can also be defined as atoms that contain an unstable combination of neutrons and protons, or excess energy in their nucleus.

What are the three main radioactive elements?

Radioactive Elements Found in the Environment

  • Alpha Radiation. Alpha radiation is a type of energy released when certain radioactive elements decay or break down. ...
  • Uranium. Uranium is a radioactive element that can be found in soil, air, water, rocks, plants and food. ...
  • Radium. ...
  • Radon. ...
  • Polonium.

What are the radioactive properties?

radioactivity, property exhibited by certain types of matter of emitting energy and subatomic particles spontaneously. It is, in essence, an attribute of individual atomic nuclei. ... Radioactive decay is a property of several naturally occurring elements as well as of artificially produced isotopes of the elements.

What is a key characteristic of radioactive decay?

radioactive decay Process by which a radioactive 'parent' element loses elementary particles from its nucleus and in doing so becomes a stable 'daughter' element. The rate of decay is constant for a given element and is a very precise and accurate device for the measurement of geologic time.

Why are some elements radioactive?

Why some elements are radioactive (unstable). When the atoms of an element have extra neutrons or protons it creates extra energy in the nucleus and causes the atom to become unbalanced or unstable. Whether radioactive elements can become stable and if so, how. The unstable nucleus of radioactive atoms emit radiation.

Erwin van den Burg

Stress and anxiety researcher at CHUV2014–present
Ph.D. from Radboud University NijmegenGraduated 2002
Lives in Lausanne, Switzerland2013–present

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